Large sets of ammunition can only be collected by being shot from their enclosure. Weapons also vary in numbers and consistency and include (besides the initial blaster) bouncing launcher grenades, flame bullets, bi-missile projectiles and TNT sets. There are also several beneficial pick-ups in the game: a 'force shield' that protects Jazz from one or four hits, a sidekick in form of a bird that shoots enemies, a hoverboard that allows flight in the air, rapid fire/super jump bonuses, a temporary 'speed-up' and invincibility, as well as extra lives.

Items that the player can pick up usually resemble food, computer hardware components or other familiar shapes, and give 100 score points each.

When killed, Jazz starts from the level beginning or any checkpoint sign was reached and shot before. Lives can also be accumulated to the maximum number of ten. Jazz can withstand a limited number of hits (5 on Easy mode, 4 on Medium mode, 3 on Hard or Turbo mode) from harmful objects before losing a life one hit's worth of health can be restored by picking up a carrot. Jazz has a life bar that changes in colour based on how much health Jazz has remaining. Unlike other platform games, however, there are no abysses and every level bifurcates into subsections that might lead to valuable items (such as weapon pick-ups, score items, etc.) while the direction of general progression is hinted at with occasional arrows. Jazz will run faster and jump higher the longer he runs, avoiding chasms that might lead to harmful objects. Gameplay mechanics in Jazz are very similar to Zool's, with the exception of not being able to destroy the enemies by simply jumping at them (which was not added until the second game). Episodes are tied by a single storyline usually progressing after each episode is finished.

The final level of every episode features a boss that the player must deal with in order to complete the level. Each episode has three planets (worlds), with every planet itself consisting of two levels (some planets have an additional secret level). The initial game is divided into six episodes (with three more episodes added subsequently see releases section).

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